Ivan Berend uses a vast range of sources, as well as his own personal experience, to analyze the fortunes of the postwar socialist regimes in Eastern Europe. His comparative approach stretches beyond the confines of economic history to produce a work of political economy, encompassing the cultural and personal forces that have influenced the development of the "Eastern Bloc" countries over the past fifty years. The book is distinguished by its unique combination of time, region and topic, and is a major contribution to the economic history of the twentieth century.

This is the fourth in a continuing series of collected essays by the former editors of Monthly Review on the state of the U.S. economy and its relation to the global system. Like its predecessors, this volume focuses on the most recent phase of the development of U.S. capitalism, stressing the profound contradictions of the underlying processes of capital accumulation and pointing the way to the fundamental reforms that are the essential precondition for a real economic revival.

As Western Europe expanded its empires in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, it came to dominate many peoples, especially in America, whose cultures and legal systems differed dramatically from its own. The resulting conflicts of both law and custom posed difficult problems: How could these conflicting laws and customs be adjusted within a common political administration? And, in particular, how could legal remedy be provided for groups of lesser political weight? Woodrow Borah vividly depicts one of the more unusual institutions that arose in response to these problems—the General Indian Court of New Spain. In what is today Mexico, the conquering Spaniards had at first attempted to preserve such Indian customs as were deemed not contrary to reason or Christianity. However, as interpreted by Spanish judges, so much turned out to be "contrary" to these standards that native customs were soon recast in largely Spanish norms. At the same time, the conquered Indians discovered the uses of the Spanish courts, unleashing a flood of litigation. The ensuing social and economic upheaval sparked great concern among Spanish administrators and jurists. The result was the establishment of the General Indian Court, a remarkably innovative special jurisdiction vested in the viceroy and corps of legal aides. Expenses were paid from a small contribution by each Indian family—in effect, legal insurance. Woodrow Borah analyzes the kinds of cases that came before this court, the decisions it reached, and the policies underlying these decisions. He enriches this study by examining the separate but parallel structures in the Yucatan peninsula and on the seigneurial estate of Hernán Cortés, and by comparing the General Indian Court to the tribunals of Guadalajara, which had no similar special arrangements. The development of the General Indian Court and the relation of the legal aides to their Indian clients and to other lawyers form a complicated story of both service and exploitation and contribute an important chapter to the history of colonial Mexico. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1983.

The main literary and artistic currents of Romanticism are well known. This volume aims uniquely to set them in their wider contexts. Thirteen distinguished contributors examine the particular configurations of the Romantic movement within individual national contexts. Parallels, influences and differences are explored between the course of Romanticism in England, France, Germany and ten other European nations, and special emphasis is placed upon the interplay between Romantic culture and social, political and economic change. Narrow definitions of Romanticism are avoided: the contributors emphasize the Romantic strands within science, philosophy and political thinking as well as within art and literature. The book also forms part of a sequence of collections of essays which started with The Enlightenment in National Context (1981). In preparation are Fin-de-Siècle and its Legacy and the Renaissance in National Context. The purpose of these and other envisaged collections is to bring together comparative, national and inter-disciplinary approaches to the history of great movements in the development of human thought and action.

The main literary and artistic currents of Romanticism are well known. This volume aims uniquely to set them in their wider contexts. Thirteen distinguished contributors examine the particular configurations of the Romantic movement within individual national contexts. Parallels, influences and differences are explored between the course of Romanticism in England, France, Germany and ten other European nations, and special emphasis is placed upon the interplay between Romantic culture and social, political and economic change. Narrow definitions of Romanticism are avoided: the contributors emphasize the Romantic strands within science, philosophy and political thinking as well as within art and literature. The book also forms part of a sequence of collections of essays which started with The Enlightenment in National Context (1981). In preparation are Fin-de-Siècle and its Legacy and the Renaissance in National Context. The purpose of these and other envisaged collections is to bring together comparative, national and inter-disciplinary approaches to the history of great movements in the development of human thought and action.

First published in 1981, this book contains a series of sociological essays translated from Italian into English. It shows how Italian sociology offers a highly original blend of economic and sociological analyses in addressing Italy's main social problems and how its themes and methods could profitably be integrated into other sociological traditions. The anthology uses Italy as an illustration in examining social and sociological themes of crucial concern to the international social scientific community. In a substantial introduction Diana Pinto argues that Italy can be seen as a 'metaphor' for wider international debates about development and modernisation.

Dan Caspi offers a comprehensive introduction to the Israeli mass media and a fresh theoretical look at the role and function of a free press in a democratic society. Two major issues underlie this study, patterned after the pioneering work of Morris Janowitz on the community press in the United States: relations between social and communications systems and reciprocal relations among various mass media.Caspi's primary concern is to determine whether the recent flourishing of a local press, in the form of weekly tabloids sold or distributed free throughout their respective cities, reflects and in turn contributes to a process of social and political decentralization. The Israeli audience thirsts for information. The nationwide mass media, developed in the shadow of a centralist political system, is rigid and inflexible, downplaying the news value of local events and attending only to Israel's acutely felt security and economic problems. Hence, there is a burgeoning of over a hundred local newspapers to fill the need for a more intimate press. Contents: "Media Decentralization in a Centralized System: Some General Trends and a Communication Model"; "The Daily Press in Israel"; "The Development of the Local Press"; "Institutional Characteristics"; "Personnel Characteristics"; "Functional Characteristics"; "The Struggle between the Local and Nationwide Press"; "The Inception of the Local Press in Four Major Cities: Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Haifa, and Beersheba"; "Public Support"; "Political Approaches."

"Much has changed in the world since the first edition of Regulation in Australia was published in 2017. Governments have contended with a global pandemic, regulatory failure has been in the spotlight in Australia (think Robo Debt, and the Banking and Aged Care Royal Commissions). Rapid changes in technology, a challenging economic environment, and increasing international uncertainty are all creating new challenges for regulators. The new edition has been significantly expanded to assist regulators, policy makers and their advisors in dealing with these changes. The coverage of behavioural regulation has been extended, and it now forms a discrete chapter, and new chapters have been added dealing with regulatory technologies, and the digital economy and artificial intelligence. Regulation in Australia provides a comprehensive analysis of the nature of regulation, its origins and development in Australia, why governments regulate, how they regulate, and who regulates whom at the federal, state and local government levels. Management of the regulatory process, the principles of good regulation and red tape in regulation are examined. The role of soft law, prescriptive, performance-based and principle-based regulation, as well as the use of rewards and incentives in regulation is also explored. How governments use economic, transactional informational and structural regulatory tools and authority tools is extensively discussed. The book examines the crucial issues of compliance, enforcement and sanctions and provides expanded consideration of regulatory failure. Crucially, however, the book seeks to provide constructive guidance by exploring regulatory strategies, provides an overview of approaches to evaluating regulation and considers innovation and the building of regulatory capacity. Regulation in Australia provides an accessible overview of regulation which is firmly grounded in Australian law and practice and informed by the rapidly expanding literature on effective regulation. It will appeal to regulators, policy makers, lawyers and students of regulation."-- Provided by publisher.

Scholars within the Hayekian-Austrian tradition of classical liberalism have done virtually no work on the family as an economic and social institution. In addition, there is a real paucity of scholarship on the place of the family within classical liberal and libertarian political philosophy. Hayek's Modern Family offers a classical liberal theory of the family, taking Hayekian social theory as the main analytical framework. Horwitz argues that families are social institutions that perform certain irreplaceable functions in society. These functions change as economic, political, and social circumstances change, and the family form adapts accordingly, kicking off the next wave of developments in the social structure. In Hayekian terms, the family is an evolving and undesigned social institution. Horwitz offers a non-conservative defense of the family as a social institution against the view that either the state or "the village" is able or required to take over its irreplaceable functions.

Few figures of interwar Germany were as influential as Leopold Schwarzschild, the brilliant editor of the liberal magazine 'Das Tage-Buch'. In the uncertain years of the Weimar Republic, Schwarzschild became famous for his perceptive political analyses and critique of the economic policies of successive governments in the twilight of Germany's first experiment with democracy. When he was forced to emigrate in 1933, following Hitler's rise to power, he pursued his analysis of developments in Germany from Paris, where he resumed publication of his journal under the new name 'Das Neue Tage-Buch', while also mounting a furious attack on the European powers taken by surprise by the Nazi ascendancy. 'One thing is already beyond question today...', he wrote in the spring of 1933, '...part of the new era is an unremitting descent into some kind of military conflagration'. Winston Churchill, a great admirer of Schwarzschild, made one of his later books required reading for the War Cabinet, yet his campaigning journalism has never before appeared in English. In bringing his writings to an English-speaking readership, Chronicle of a Downfall will restore Leopold Schwarzschild to his rightful place as one of the most poignant chroniclers of the fall of German democracy and the descent of Europe into World War II.

This important book presents developments in a remarkable field of inquiry in statistical/probability theory -- the stressstrength model. Many papers in the field include the enigmatic "words" P(XThe StressStrength Model and Its Generalizations collects and digests theoretical and practical results on the theory and applications of the stressstrength relationships in industrial and economic systems -- results that have been scattered in the literature during the last 40-odd years -- and augments and presents them for the first time in a unified manner suitable for practitioners as well as probabilists and theoretical and applied statisticians.

What ails people at the present time in Western and especially American society is an inexhaustible subject. Discussion of these discontents in the United States in the last decade of the twentieth century leads to an obvious question: How much and what kind of discontents are possible in a society that has experienced over a decade of economic growth, close to full employment, hardly any inflation, falling crime rates, declining teenage pregnancies, and other good things? Is there anything to worry about in a country that has become the undisputed superpower of the world and no longer faces another hostile superpower such as the Soviet Union used to be? Paul Hollander wrestles with these and other questions in seeking to understand conditions and developments within American culture and society in the context of their relationship to political systems, movements and ideas critical of the United States and Western values. Hollander examines disparate phenomena, such as the O.J. Simpson case, the banning of West Side Story in Amherst, Massachusetts, the popularity and expos of Rigoberta Menchu, and the appeal of sports utility vehicles, which shed light on the major themes of the volume. Topics include conflicts among American intellectuals (including disputes over the Kosovo intervention), the impact of postmodernism on higher education, the persisting appeal of victimhood in American society, the flaws of American sociology, academic specialists' failure to anticipate the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the new anti-Americanism in postcommunist societies. Among topics of historical interest are a survey of Western judgments and misjudgments of the communist systems; examination of the relative neglect of political violence in communist states, and analysis of officially enforced, secular-religious cult of communist rulers. Many of these writings are linked to the author's longstanding interest in why people accept or reject particular political systems and in the contradictory human needs and desires which condition and limit the pursuit of social and political ends. Sociologists, political scientists, and the general reader will find this book of great interest. Paul Hollander is professor emeritus of sociology at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, and a fellow of the David Center for Russian Studies at Harvard University. His books include Soviet and American Society, Political Pilgrims, The Survival of the Adversary Culture , and Anti-Americanism .

Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture considers the potential for a reciprocally illuminating relationship between art history and history in light of recent methodological developments in both fields. The volume opens with contributions from a historian and an art historian; they examine the weaknesses of an art history without a social or economic history and lay the groundwork for the ensuing discussions of how the procedures and methods of each discipline may serve the aims of the other. A wide critique of approaches to the interpretation of realism in Dutch pictures forms the second section of the book. Included are critical views of recent iconographic developments, as well as contributions by a plant taxonomist and a marine historian. In the volume's third section new statistical and numerical models for the study of Dutch art in Dutch society are presented by three economic historians. The concluding essay provides a constructive critique of existing methodologies within each field. Art in History/History in Art: Studies in Seventeenth-Century Dutch Culture offers the most secure basis to date for future work on the interaction between the two disciplines and between the content of pictures and the cultures that produce them.

Thirteen essays by acknowledged economic experts explore the rapid changes in the transition economies of Eastern Europe, with discussions on political and economic freedom, monetary control and privatization, labor markets and social safety nets, and taxation and crime.

The unification of Germany and the decline of superpower conflict in Europe has heightened interest in the "new" Germany. From Bundesrepublik to Deutschland: German Politics after Unification examines how political scientists have historically treated Germany and explores the issues and approaches needed to accommodate the increased importance of the country within Europe. Structured by issue areas, this volume includes sections on political economy; women in politics; inner-German relations and the reintegration of the western and eastern regions of the country; political behavior; Germany and the European Community; security issues; and the role of Germany in the field of comparative politics. Each chapter examines the development of relevant literature and is followed by an essay that charts new areas for, and approaches to, research.

"This book critically analyzes important current issues in international development-growth, poverty, inequality, participation, consumption, corruption, gender, race, LGBT politics, revolution, universalism-by deploying key psychoanalytic concepts-enjoyment, fantasy, antagonism, fetishism, envy, drive, perversion, hysteria. It draws on the work of Lacan and Žižek, and on psychoanalytic postcolonial and feminist scholarship"--

This timely book tells the fascinating story of how Zionists colonizers planned and established nearly 700 agricultural settlements, towns, and cities from the 1880s to the present. This extraordinary activity of planners, architects, social scientists, military personnel, politicians, and settlers is inextricably linked to multiple contexts: Jewish and Zionist history, the Arab/Jewish conflict, and the diffusion of European ideas to non-European worlds. S. Ilan Troen demonstrates how professionals and settlers continually innovated plans for both rural and urban frontiers in response to the competing demands of social and political ideologies and the need to achieve productivity, economic independence, and security in a hostile environment. In the 1930s, security became the primary challenge, shaping and even distorting patterns of growth. Not until the 1993 Oslo Accords, with prospects of compromise and accommodation, did planners again imagine Israel as a normal state, developing like other modern societies. Troen concludes that if Palestinian Arabs become reconciled to a Jewish state, Israel will reassign priority to the social and economic development of the country and region.

This work is based upon a series of longitudinal case-studies of Russian enterprises that were tracked during the 1990s. It provides insight into the initial conditions that are being established in Russia, which will to a large extent determine the kind of market system that is emerging. This work also has a more general relevance and bears upon the broader theoretical debate on institutional and societal change that concerns not only Russia but elsewhere.