The President THE CULTURE OF POLITICS AND LEADERSHIP IN AN AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT BY MATTHEW JOSEPHSON M HARCOURT, BRACE AND COMPANY, NEW YORK 1940, BY JOSEPBCSON All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this book or portions thereof in any form first edition. CONTENTS Foreword v BOOK ONE i. The Golden Years of McKinley and Hanna 3 n. The Scholars in Politics 29 in. A Splendid Little War j and the Making of a President 65 iv. Toward National Political Leadership 1 1 1 v. Toward Leadership Rooseveltiana 139 vi. Principally World-Wandering 175 vii. The Politics of Reform 210 viii. The Politics of Depression 246 BOOK TWO ix. An Attempted Restoration 285 x. The Ballinger Case An American Affaire Dreyfus 306 xi. Doctor Wilson 330 xn. Colonel Houses Vision 364 xin. The Menace of La Follette 397 xiv. Armageddon 422 iii iv CONTENTS xv. The New Freedom Climax of the Liberal Revolution 460 xvi. Leadership Through War 496 xvn. The Martyrdom of Dr. Wilson 533 Sources 567 Index 573 FOREWORD FOR A hundred years our country was so rich and lucky, it has been said, that political thought was largely unnecessary. However, there is no mistaking the fact that toward the beginning of this century Americans were doing a heap of think ing as they are also doing at the present time. For the generation of 1896 to 1919, the central events and issues assumed a political form. Man was more than ever the political animal, and the political leader was more the key figure than he had been since the i86os. The period itself appeals to us, in retro spect, as far more cultivated and social-minded than that of the preceding generation, of the robber barons and the spoilsmen. It produced a very noteworthypolitical culture. It produced a whole gallery of remarkable and diverse leading characters 5 and even boasted a technique for reproducing them President Making. In our present troubled days, we think almost with envy of the time of the earlier Rooseveltians and the Wilsoniansj of its hope and promise j we think of it as an Age of Enlightenment. Here was a generation that was certainly bent on discovering the promise of American life, to use the phrase of one of its ablest spokesmen, the late Herbert Croly. Intellectually it welcomed change j it set off vigorously in search of new methods, new ideas of leadership, a new equilibrium for political democracy. Casting off the prejudice against public life then entertained in educated circles, men of talent and wealth determinedly entered politics and prepared themselves carefully for their future parts. In their various ways the new type of political leaders set out to save the country from some dimly imagined, but to them, always imminent peril. They sang and they debated 5 they organized and fought 5 until public opinion was deeply aroused. One thing must be said for the characteristic leaders of the party vi FOREWORD of progress 5 they always asked a great deal of their followers. Both Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson, for example, de manded on the part of the rich capitalists who so often supported their campaigns both self-denial and self-control. Meanwhile the leaders who were closer, in line of real interest or sympathy, to the plain people, also showed at this time a characteristic tendency to ask a great deal of them. Men like the elder La Follette or Mr. Justice Brandeis held that democracy was essentially a process ofeducation. Their progressive programs favored neither an over ruling capitalism nor an all-embracing state socialism, but a purer, more extended form of political democracy. Therefore, they re quired of the citizens an alert public conscience, a growing knowl edge of public affairs, and readiness to intervene intelligently at almost every point of the governing process, local or national, parliamentary or administrative and technical. Thus political democracy, as shown by the raging discussions and controversies of the time, was carried to a highly advanced zone...

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"Navigating Change in Complex Ministry Environments. Mission Design by Aaron Abramson is a timely guide for ministry leaders navigating the challenges of a volatile and rapidly changing world. With technological growth, societal shifts, and economic instability reshaping the landscape, traditional five-year plans feel out of touch. Yet, even amidst uncertainty, opportunities for meaningful kingdom impact abound. Drawing on principles from design thinking, user experience design, and service design, Aaron Abramson provides a step-by-step approach to help pastors, church planters, nonprofit leaders and mission entrepreneurs adapt and innovate ministries to reach the shifting world around us. This book provides the tools and insights you need to adapt, pivot, navigate, and kickstart change for your ministry. Whether you're clarifying your vision, understanding your community's needs, or testing new strategies, Mission Design equips you to lead your organization into a flourishing future. With relatable examples and case studies, Abramson doesn't just show you how to launch impactful ideas-he also teaches you how to pivot, evaluate, and grow through the learning process. No matter where your ministry is in its organizational life cycle, God can do new things in and through you for the good of those to whom you are called"-- Provided by publisher.

LikeJohn Dewey, his mentor and friend, Sidney Hook shares the classic conception of philosophy as the pursuit of wisdom. A philosopher is concerned ultimately with the conception of the good life in a good society. In these essays extending over many years, Hook illustrates the activity of the philosopher in the cave of social life. He brings to bear the tools of reflective analysis on dominant social and political issues: human rights; the role of personality and leadership in history; the attempt to defend freedom as we seek to preserve and extend the welfare state; and a criticism of the common premise of historical materialism shared by both Marxists and their opponents. Most significantly, Hook addresses the relation between morality and religion and the place of religion in democratic society. A secular and naturalistic humanism, he contends, generates an authentic, reliable commitment to thedemocratic faith.

The Jewish Encyclopedia was the first comprehensive collection of all the available material pertaining to the Jews their history, literature, philosophy, ritual, sociology, and biography. Published by Funk & Wagnalls from 1901 to 1906, its successful completion was due to the pluck and determination of its managing editor, Isidore Singer, and to the dedication of its other editors and collaborators, many of whom were world-renowned scholars. Today, the JE has been largely superseded as a reference work, but as a repository of information about Jews and Judaism in the late nineteenth century, it remains a gold mine. Part One of Schwartzs book recounts the lively story of the JEs publication the nascence of the idea, the negotiations with Funk & Wagnalls, the assembling of the board of editors, and the tensions, rivalries, and financial problems that constantly plagued the project. She introduces those who played leading roles in the numerous reviews and announcements that accompanied its publication, and evaluates its significance as the premier cultural event in American Jewish life at the dawn of the twentieth century. In Part Two, an analysis of the JEs contents reveals both the nature and extent of Jewish scholarship at the time and the goals and concerns of those who produced it. As Schwartz demonstrates, the JE marshaled its facts to combat both racial anti-Semitic arguments and Christian polemics. The work summarized, preserved, and expanded upon the results of Wissenschaft des Judentums. It provided the beginnings of a Jewish cultural response to the intellectual challenges of Darwinism and higher biblical criticism. And it presented the unique Reform and modern traditionalist perspectives on Jewish practice and belief. Throughout this fascinating study, Schwartz explores the complex and frequently strong relationships among Jewish leaders. Most importantly, she demonstrates that through its content as well as through the very fact of its publication in the United States and in English, the Jewish Encyclopedia signified the transfer of the center, language, and leadership of Jewish scholarship from the Old World to the New, thus becoming a primary catalyst for the emergence of Jewish scholarship in America.

The Age of the Crowd is at one level an historical account of the development of mass psychology, and at another an analysis of its implications for prevalent political and social life. It was the prophecy of Gustave Le Bon in 1895 that the twentieth century would be 'l'âge des foules' that gave Serge Moscovici the title for his book, and it presents a systematic exposition of Le Bon's ideas and those of Gabriel Tarde, demonstrating convincingly their influence on the theories of collective psychology advanced by Sigmund Freud. These theories are re-examined by Professor Moscovici in a fascinating commentary on political life: Hitler, Mussolini, Lenin, Stalin and Trotsky all in some way applied them in their leadership styles with consequences that are all too familiar. The scenario painted by this volume is a disturbing one. Serge Moscovici's acute analyses of mass phenomena raise fundamental questions concerning the foundations of democracy.

In the nineteenth century, the shrine cities of Najaf and Karbala in Ottoman Iraq emerged as the most important Shi'i centres of learning. In a major contribution to the study of pre-modern Middle Eastern religious institutions, Meir Litvak analyses the social and political dynamics of these communities. Tracing the historical evolution of Shi'i leadership, he explores the determinants of social status amongst the ulama, the concept of patronage, the structure of learning, questions of ethnicity, and financial matters. He also assesses the role of the ulama as communal leaders who, in the face of a hostile Sunni government in Baghdad, were often obliged to adopt a more quietest political stance than their counterparts in Iran. This is an important book which sheds light on the formation of contemporary Shi'ism and the surrounding debates.

"By combining some oldest questions with new sources and methodologies, Hasidism: Key Questions provides a refreshingly new look at many central issues in historiography of Hasidism: its definition, gender, leadership, demographic size, geography, economy, and decline. This is the first such attempt to respond those central questions in one book"--

Twenty years ago the workers and peasants of Russia under the leadership of the Bolshevik Party overthrew the rule of the landlords and capitalists. When the yoke of the bourgeoisie had been cast off, the capitalists and their henchmen, the Socialist-Revolutionaries and the Mensheviks, asserted that the end of the world had come, that without the bourgeoisie the workers would be unable to start the factories going and run the country, that the people would be doomed to hunger and barbarism until the bourgeois order was restored. The capitalists together with the Mensheviks and the Socialist-Revolutionaries raised Whiteguard rebellions within the country and for three years, with the direct participation of the armies of fourteen countries, they waged a counter-revolutionary war against the workers arid peasants. They did not achieve their aim. The workers and peasants of the Soviet Union, in stubborn struggle, defended their liberty and the gains of the Great October Socialist Revolution, and repelled all enemy attacks. The proletarians of the capitalist countries aided the workers and peasants of the Soviet Union in their fight against counter-revolution. In the land of the Soviets the building of socialism proceeded on an extensive scale. Twenty years ago our country was wretched and poor. The peasant went hungry; he scratched the soil with a wooden plough. Now he has become prosperous; tractors and harvester combines do the heavy work for him. Hundreds of thousands of poor folk roamed the highways looking for work; now, under socialism, there are no unemployed in our country. Thousands of new enterprises have been constructed; new railways, canals and big electric power stations have been built. Machines which previously were imported from abroad are now manufactured in the Soviet Union. Our country has become independent of capitalist countries. National oppression has been replaced by the free development of the cultural forces of each people. The Soviet people regard the future calmly and without apprehension. The Stalin Constitution of the U.S.S.R. guarantees the right to work, to rest and leisure, to education, to maintenance in old age and in case of sickness or loss of capacity to work. Life has become better, life has become more joyous. The mighty Red Army, which is of the flesh and blood of the working people of the U.S.S.R., defends the borders of the Soviet Union. What can capitalism show by comparison? Crises, idle factories, millions of unemployed, impoverishment of the workers and peasants, fascist violence that deprives the working people of every liberty, arming at a furious pace, predatory imperialist wars, a decline of culture and a decrease in the number of students, continued and intensified national and colonial oppression, gnawing fear for the future, general discontent and embitterment against the existing order on the part of the working people. The past twenty years have clearly demonstrated all the advantages of the new social order over the old, of socialism over capitalism.

Leila Amsel and Joseph Bronner escaped Nazi Europe with their families just ahead of the full onslaught of the Holocaust. Leila grew up in a Chasidic home in Williamsburg, Brooklyn, and with chutzpah and determination became the first woman to earn a doctorate in Ancient Semitic Languages and History in South Africa. She went on to publish seven books, write hundreds of articles, and mentor and teach thousands of students. Joseph established a thriving diamond business, and as a volunteer rabbi in Johannesburg and then in Los Angeles inspired hundreds of children and adults with his teaching of Torah. Together, Leila and Joseph raised three children, and dedicated themselves to establishing and supporting communal, Zionistic, and educational institutions in Johannesburg and Los Angeles, as well as in Israel. With an unflagging belief in the value of education, an aura of elegance, and an embrace of the unconventional, Leila and Joseph share a story of leadership, love, and commitment.

The book starts with a background story of the author which explains what led him to his strange life- long hobby of "collecting religions". It then continues by building a systematic foundation to his Exodus theory. It starts with a closely related descriptions of North African history, geography, climate, the Africans, Egypt, and its powerful Nile in ancient times. The author then tells the story of his experiences in Africa, which led him to start his investigation and come up with the theory that the Exodus was partially occurred in North Africa. The book supports the theory with rational proofs including military, engineering, leadership, and common-sense explanations to many mystical stories about the Exodus, including the 10 plaques, crossing the sea of reeds, the reasoning for moving west, the locations of mount Sinai and its volcano "pillar of fire", the Tombs of Lust, the snakes attack in the Valley of the Serpents, the Manna tree, the golden Calf, the construction of the large Ark of Covenant and more. In addition, the author supports his theory by identifying 20 locations, which are listed in the Bible through which the Israelites passed from Egypt to Canaan, that still exist in North Africa today. Finally, the author brings additional evidence in support of his theory which relate to the similarity of African languages, such as Bambara, to Hebrew as well as similarities of African religious traditions, customs, and rituals to the ancient Jewish ones. Thus, concluding that some of the Israelites left The Exodus journey and settled in Africa, such as the Bambara tribes. The second part of the book describes the author's search for the hidden footsteps of the Ten lost Tribes on Israel. It starts with an historical background of the life in Canaan after the Israelites arrived there from Egypt, and the misfortunate events which led to the expulsion of the Ten Tribes by the Assyrians. It also presents some known historical records of the Japanese people since the time they arrived in their islands including some personal adventurous experiences of the author along the route that they took from Assyria through Asia to Japan. The proof of the theory is greatly related to the author's discoveries of similarities between the Japanese mythological stories, customs, holidays, rituals and their parallel biblical Jewish stories, holidays, custom and traditions. In addition, it presents many linguistic similarities between Hebrew and Japanese including words, writing letters and symbols that support his theory that the Japanese and the ancient Ten Lost Tribes of Israel are strongly related. The book finishes with a dictionary that shows similarities in meaning and pronunciation of many Hebrew, Bambara and Japanese words that support the author's theories that their history is closely related.

In 2001, on the heels of the disastrous Durban racism conference and the terror attacks of 11 September 2001 in the United States, South African cabinet minister Ronnie Kasrils launched a declaration calling on South Africans of Jewish descent to protest against Israeli policies towards the Palestinians. In so doing, he launched a furious debate within the Jewish community. The debate caused the leadership of the Jewish community to shift its political strategy, from the politics of open debate towards the politics of influence. The Jewish experience resembled that of other minorities and interest groups whose leaders came to be seen as 'representing government in their respective communities rather than the community addressing themselves to government', in the words of historian Hermann Giliomee. The Kasrils Affair: Jews and minority politics in post-apartheid South Africa: Documents the Kasrils declaration and its implications both for the Jewish community and South African politics in general. Places the Kasrils affair in the context of South African Jewish history and of the 'new antisemitism' facing Jews around the world. Gives an 'embedded' account of events, based on public commentary and interviews with South African Jewish leaders.

This encyclopedic book provides comprehensive data about Soviet and Russian strategic weapons, payloads, and delivery systems and on the nuclear complex that supports them. The data are drawn from open, primarily Russian sources. All the information is presented chronologically, arranged by individual systems and facilities, and is not available elsewhere in a single volume. Following an overview of the history of Soviet strategic forces, the book discusses the structure of the political and military leadership in the Soviet Union and Russia, the structure of the Russian military and military industry, nuclear planning procedures, and the structure of the command and control system. It describes the nuclear warhead production complex and the Soviet nuclear weapon development program. It then focuses on the individual services that constitute the so-called strategic triad -- land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles, the strategic submarine fleet, and strategic aviation. It presents an overview of Soviet strategic defense, including air defense systems, the Moscow missile defense system, the radar and space-based early warning networks, and the space surveillance system. The book also includes a description of the Soviet nuclear testing program, including information on test sites and on all Soviet nuclear tests and peaceful nuclear explosions. It concludes with a look at the future of strategic nuclear weapons in Russia.

"This is a biography of labor and political activist Frank Lumpkin featuring his leadership of the struggle to recoup the pensions of the former work force at Republic Steel"--

This book assesses the politics of the West German trade unions in the context of their larger role as major actors in the polity of a democratic Federal Republic of Germany. By focusing on the historical realities of the labour movement, the study concentrates on explaining to what extent organised labour helped solidify, yet at the same time challenged the dominant structures of politics and authority in German history's most extensive and longest-lasting democracy. Professor Markovits explains the immediate financial, legal and political framework wherein the unions operate and differentiates the various political trends that have consistently determined inter-union co-operation, as well as rivalry. An analysis of four major unions, including the vast metal workers' grouping, shows how the industrial reality of each helps to shape its political outlook and strategic thinking. Contingent factors such as personal leadership are analysed in addition to objective industrial and historical criteria. This major study concludes by cautiously gauging the future of the West German trade unions in an increasingly complex and uncertain world.

Judaism's Promise, Meeting The Challenge Of Modernity follows Seymour W. Itzkoff's well-received three-book series, Who Are the Jews? Judaism's Promise , confronts the many revolutions that have reshaped Judaism over the centuries allowing it and its people a path of leadership into the modern world. It takes the writings of the Torah, Holy Scriptures, and Talmud seriously as exemplars of the human search for civilizational and moral intellectuality. The book's basic concern is with the withering of Judaism as a force in contemporary Western civilization. Sadly millions of Jews have left the faith. Others venture forth only hesitantly into a synagogue, now a bastion of fossilized ritual and conspicuous consumption. These millions needed more from the orthodoxy, and this book attempts to show them the way back by giving renewed life to the heritages of Judaism, and, consequently, to its meaning for the modern world. Judaism's Promise argues for a return to the synagogue's originating Hellenistic commitment «to come together» in intellectual and moral study. As Rabbi Mordecai Kaplan argued, Judaism must once more become in the 20-21st century the civilization that it once represented to the wider world, and not a fossilized ceremonialism.