This volume provides new insights into the role of U.S. consuls in the Ottoman Middle East in the special context of the Holy Land. This volume provides new insights into the role of U.S. consuls in the Ottoman Middle East in the special context of the Holy Land. The motivations and functioning of the American consuls in Jerusalem, and of the consular agents in Jaffa and Haifa, are analyzed as part of the US diplomatic and consular activity throughout the world, and of Western involvement in the Ottoman Empire and in Palestine during the century preceding World War I. The processes of cultural, demographic, economic, environmental, and settlement change and the contribution of the US consuls and American settlers to development of and modernization of Palestine are discussed. Based on primary archival sources such facets as the role of consuls regarding the use of extraterritorial privileges, Western religious and cultural penetration, control of land and land purchase, non-Muslim settlement, judicial systems, and technological innovations are considered from American, Ottoman, and local viewpoints.

Product Description I. The Global Context of German Foreign Policy. II. Fields of Activity (Ostpolitik, economisation of foreign policy, defence policy, German-American Relationship, Middle East, North-South, European policy). III. The Decision-Making Process (bureaucratic politics, parties, parliament, Constitutional Court). IV. Thematic Problem Areas (legitimacy, political integration, Germany's role in world politics, controversial political concepts: détente, «the nation», the second foundation of the state?; innovation and parliamentary majorities; personalistic approach; political generations; political geography; political steering.) V. An Apparaisal (turning-point in the history of West Germany's foreign relations?; historical cycles; «normal» foreign policy?; Germany's image, self perception.) Review «Ich bin überzeugt, daß W.s Studie ihrem Ziel gerecht wird, ausländischen Studenten die komplexen Zusammenhänge unserer Situation nahezubringen. Ja, ich glaube sogar, daß er manchem Kenner unserer außenpolitischen Verhältnisse Anregungen zu weiterem Nachdenken bietet.» (Arnulf Baring, Historische Zeitschrift)